Since Purdue's first NBA Draft pick in 1947 (Ed Ehlers and Paul Hoffman), the Purdue basketball program has had 51 all-time selections in the NBA Draft, including eight top-10 selections. Nine players (Carl Landry, JaJuan Johnson, E'Twaun Moore, Robbie Hummel, A.J. Hammons, Caleb Swanigan, Vince Edwards, Carsen Edwards and Jaden Ivey) have been drafted during the Painter era, including eight in the last 12 years. In 2022, Jaden Ivey became Purdue's highest pick since the 1994 Draft when Glenn Robinson was selected No. 1, when he was selected fifth overall by the Detroit Pistons.
Since the 1980 NBA Draft, Purdue is one of eight schools nationally to have two No. 1 Draft picks, joining Kentucky, Duke, North Carolina, UNLV, Georgetown, Kansas and LSU.
| PURDUE'S NBA DRAFT PICKS | |||||
| Year | Player | Team | Round | Pick | Overall |
| 1947 | Ed Ehlers | Boston Celtics | - | - | - |
| Paul Hoffman | Toronto Huskies | - | - | - | |
| 1950 | Andy Butchko | Minneapolis Lakers | - | - | - |
| Howie Williams | Minneapolis Lakers | - | - | - | |
| 1952 | Pete Brewster | Milwaukee Hawks | - | - | - |
| Carl McNulty | Milwaukee Hawks | - | - | - | |
| 1956 | Joe Sexton | New York Knicks | - | - | - |
| 1959 | Wilson Eison | Minneapolis Lakers | 4 | 4 | 26 |
| Willie Merriweather | St. Louis Hawks | 8 | 6 | 59 | |
| 1962 | Terry Dischinger | Chicago Zephyrs | 2 | 1 | 8 |
| 1966 | Dave Schellhase | Chicago Bulls | 1 | 10 | 10 |
| George Grams | Los Angeles Lakers | 11 | 5 | 95 | |
| 1968 | Herman Gilliam | Chicago Bulls | 13 | 3 | 163 |
| 1969 | Herman Gilliam | Cincinnati Royals | 1 | 8 | 8 |
| Billy Keller | Milwaukee Bucks | 7 | 2 | 87 | |
| 1970 | Rick Mount | Los Angeles Lakers | 8 | 13 | 132 |
| 1971 | Larry Weatherford | Chicago Bulls | 5 | 15 | 83 |
| 1972 | Bob Ford | New York Knicks | 5 | 11 | 74 |
| William Franklin | Golden State Warriors | 7 | 13 | 110 | |
| 1974 | Frank Kendrick | Golden State Warriors | 3 | 11 | 47 |
| 1975 | John Garrett | Washington Bullets | 6 | 17 | 107 |
| 1976 | Bruce Parkinson | Cleveland Cavaliers | 9 | 15 | 155 |
| 1977 | Bruce Parkinson | Washington Bullets | 5 | 17 | 105 |
| Tom Scheffler | Indiana Pacers | 6 | 7 | 117 | |
| 1978 | Walter Jordan | New Jersey Nets | 4 | 18 | 84 |
| Eugene Parker | San Antonio Spurs | 5 | 20 | 108 | |
| 1979 | Jerry Sichting | Golden State Warriors | 4 | 16 | 82 |
| 1980 | Joe Barry Carroll | Golden State Warriors | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Arnette Hallman | Boston Celtics | 2 | 23 | 46 | |
| 1981 | Brian Walker | Kansas City Kings | 6 | 13 | 128 |
| 1982 | Keith Edmonson | Atlanta Hawks | 1 | 10 | 10 |
| Mike Searce | Indiana Pacers | 9 | 8 | 192 | |
| 1983 | Russell Cross | Golden State Warriors | 1 | 6 | 6 |
| 1984 | Jim Rowinski | Utah Jazz | 4 | 16 | 86 |
| 1987 | Doug Lee | Houston Rockets | 2 | 12 | 35 |
| 1988 | Everette Stephens | Philadelphia 76ers | 2 | 6 | 31 |
| Todd Mitchell | Denver Nuggets | 2 | 18 | 43 | |
| 1990 | Stephen Scheffler | Charlotte Hornets | 2 | 12 | 39 |
| 1991 | Jimmy Oliver | Cleveland Cavaliers | 2 | 12 | 39 |
| 1994 | Glenn Robinson | Milwaukee Bucks | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1995 | Cuonzo Martin | Atlanta Hawks | 2 | 28 | 57 |
| 2000 | Brian Cardinal | Detroit Pistons | 2 | 15 | 44 |
| 2007 | Carl Landry | Seattle Sonics | 2 | 1 | 31 |
| 2011 | JaJuan Johnson | New Jersey Nets | 1 | 27 | 27 |
| E'Twaun Moore | Boston Celtics | 2 | 25 | 55 | |
| 2012 | Robbie Hummel | Minnesota Timberwolves | 2 | 28 | 58 |
| 2016 | A.J. Hammons | Dallas Mavericks | 2 | 16 | 46 |
| 2017 | Caleb Swanigan | Portland Trailblazers | 1 | 26 | 26 |
| 2018 | Vince Edwards | Houston Rockets | 2 | 22 | 52 |
| 2019 | Carsen Edwards | Philadelphia 76ers | 2 | 3 | 33 |
| 2022 | Jaden Ivey | Detroit Pistons | 1 | 5 | 5 |